# How to configure FTP server on Ubuntu 20.04

First of all Make sure your system is up to date,
To do that, type the following command


```
sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade

``` 
### Step 1 - Install vsftpd
Use the following command to install vsftpd


```
sudo apt install vsftpd
```

### Step 2 - Configure Firewall

Let’s open ports 20 and 21 for FTP, and ports 40000-50000 for passive FTP. We’ll also open port 990 for TLS


```
sudo ufw allow 20/tcp
sudo ufw allow 21/tcp
sudo ufw allow 40000:50000/tcp
sudo ufw allow 990/tcp
``` 
*if you are Configuring a cloud server then make sure to allow ssh so that you don't get locked out of your server.
Run the following command to allow SSH*


```
sudo ufw allow openssh
``` 
**Now Enable the firewall**


```
sudo ufw enable
``` 
Check Status of firewall


```
sudo ufw status
``` 
It should look like this
![Screen Capture_select-area_20210909164649.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1631186237137/jxzcE1zsK.png)

### Step 3 - Create a FTP User
We will now create a new user that we will use to log into FTP. In this example, we will create a new user called **ftpuser**

```
sudo adduser ftpuser
``` 
Generate a strong password and keep it safe.

You may also be asked to enter some contact information. You can just press **ENTER** to each of these.

### Step 4 - Grant Directory Permissions

You now need to decide where this new FTP user is allowed to view and upload files.

vsftpd uses chroot jails to restrict users to their home directories and requires that the home directory is not writable. For that reason, we have to set up some directories and permissions.

We want this user to upload files to the home directory, so we will create a new directory called **ftp** in the user’s home directory and another within it called files


```
sudo mkdir /home/ftpuser/ftp
``` 
Set the ownership of the ftp directory to no nobody:nogroup.
```
sudo chown nobody:nogroup /home/ftpuser/ftp
``` 
Set permissions for the ftp directory using chmod so that it is not writable by anyone, otherwise vsftpd will not allow you to log in
```
sudo chmod a-w /home/ftpuser/ftp
``` 
Next we will create a new directory within /ftp where the user can view and upload files.
```
sudo mkdir /home/ftpuser/ftp/files
``` 
Assign ownership of this directory to our new FTP user otherwise they will not be able to write to it.
```
sudo chown ftpuser:ftpuser /home/ftpuser/ftp/files
``` 

### Step 5 - Configure vsftpd

Rename the config file.
```
sudo mv /etc/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf.bak
``` 
Create a new config file with Vim editor.
```
sudo nano /etc/vsftpd.conf
``` 
Paste in the following:


```
listen=NO
listen_ipv6=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
use_localtime=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
chroot_local_user=YES
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
pam_service_name=vsftpd
force_dot_files=YES
pasv_min_port=40000
pasv_max_port=50000
user_sub_token=$USER
local_root=/home/$USER/ftp
``` 
Your final config file should look like this


![Screen Capture_select-area_20210909170708.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1631187441492/ajCQQi2TY.png)

Now Save and exit the file 

*To exit Vim editor Press esc then Shift^ZZ.
*

**Restart vsftpd to apply new changes.
**

```
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd
``` 

### Step - 6 Test FTP
Open terminal and type the following Command

```
ftp <your-ftp-server-ip>
``` 
you will be prompted to enter username and password, Enter the username and password of the ftp user which we have created earlier,
If everything is Perfect you will get a login Successful message.



![Screen Capture_select-area_20210909173022.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1631188843589/H4bIl70mU.png)

Now you can runy any file command you want like cd, mkdir,ls etc.


![Screen Capture_select-area_20210909173322.png](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1631189054277/YtSiui7dvA.png)